In manufacturing, especially in industries such as electronics, lithium batteries, new energy, and casting, X ray inspection equipment has become a crucial tool for product quality control. By using high-energy radiation to penetrate objects, it enables non-destructive testing of internal structures. However, with so many options available on the market, many people often focus only on whether the equipment provides a clear image, overlooking the core performance parameters behind the equipment.
This article summarizes 5 key parameters you must understand before selecting X ray inspection equipment, helping you make more professional decisions and avoid common pitfalls.
Spatial resolution is the "vision" of X ray inspection equipment, determining how fine the structures it can detect are. It is typically measured in micrometers (μm). For example, a resolution of 5μm means it can identify details as small as 5μm.
However, note that some manufacturers may advertise a very high resolution, which is often a theoretical value that may not be achievable in real-world applications. The reliable parameters should include effective resolution at standard working distances and magnification.
Penetration ability determines how thick or dense the material the X ray can inspect. This is mainly influenced by the X ray tube voltage (kV) and material density. For instance, detecting aluminum typically requires around 100kV, but for lithium batteries or steel structures, 130kV–160kV or even higher may be needed.
If you are inspecting thick copper, soldered structures, or complex components with packaging, it is highly recommended to focus on this parameter.
X ray sources are classified into "closed" and "open" types:
Closed: These offer long lifespan, simple maintenance, and are suitable for continuous operation but generally have lower resolution.
Open: These offer higher resolution and are ideal for detecting small structures, such as chip solder joints or micro-CT scanning, but come with higher consumable costs and more complex maintenance.
Your choice should be based on the size and precision requirements of the objects you are inspecting.
The detector is the "eye" of the X ray inspection equipment. The two main types are flat-panel detectors (FPD) and line scan detectors.
Key parameters are pixel size and dynamic range:
Smaller pixels provide clearer image details.
Higher dynamic range allows for better reproduction of different density levels.
A high-quality detector not only offers clear images but also presents accurate, artifact-free imaging results, minimizing the risk of misjudgment.
Even the best hardware requires good software to perform effectively. The system operability determines the learning curve, inspection efficiency, and result consistency.
Modern X ray inspection equipment often comes with features like automatic programming, defect recognition, intelligent focusing, and trajectory planning, which are especially suitable for inline production line inspections or batch offline analysis.
If you plan to use the equipment for mass production or high-frequency inspections, this parameter is particularly critical.
When selecting X ray inspection equipment, do not be misled by surface-level clarity or flashy marketing. Instead, focus on the technical fundamentals. Each of the above parameters directly impacts whether the equipment will be "truly useful, easy to use, and durable." Choosing the right equipment is not just an expenditure; it is a long-term investment in quality control.
If you have specific industry needs (e.g., PCB, lithium batteries, BGA solder joints, packaged components), it is recommended to delve into these 5 core parameters, understand the respective inspection challenges, and perform comparative analysis to select the X ray inspection equipment that best suits your needs.
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